Author(s): Olusola Joshua Olujobi
In the digital age, privacy has emerged as a contested political terrain shaped by technological innovation, national security imperatives, and human rights concerns. This article explores how different regions—namely the European Union, the United States, and India—respond to the challenges posed by data protection and surveillance laws. It examines the legal frameworks, political motivations, and societal implications of these responses, highlighting the tension between state surveillance and individual privacy. By comparing global approaches, the article underscores the need for harmonized, transparent, and rightsbased data governance in an increasingly interconnected world.