Introduction

Indonesia is the largest archipelago country in the world with its potential to become the World Maritime Axis. The World Maritime Axis aims to make Indonesia a large, strong and prosperous maritime nation through the restoration of Indonesia's identity as a maritime nation, safeguarding maritime interests and security, empowering maritime potential to realize Indonesia's economic equality.

In order to strive forward to become the World Maritime Axis country then it will include the development of maritime processes from infrastructure, political, socio-cultural, legal, security and economic aspects. Upholding the sovereignty of the sea territory of the Republic of Indonesia, revitalizing marine economic sectors, strengthening and developing maritime connectivity, rehabilitating environmental damage and conserving biodiversity, and improving the quality and quantity of marine Human Resources, are the main programs in efforts to realize Indonesia as a global maritime axis. As the largest archipelagic country in the world, with a sea area reaching 2/3 of the total area, total islands are 17,508, 104,000 km long coast, and various types of marine biota, with a huge potential of marine and fisheries resources. The potential income of the fisheries sector reaches Rp 365 trillion per year, but lost hundreds of trillions of rupiah in the country's foreign exchange due to illegal fishing. For this reason, the key to managing a dominant economy is Human Resources (HR).

As a maritime nation, Indonesia has a strategic economic position that is very profitable, located between two continents, two oceans, and sea areas as a crossing of world trade. Strategic sea lanes of the Indonesian archipelago, especially in the Sunda Strait, Lombok Strait, and Makassar Strait, are traversed by trade ships with trade volume reaching 45% of total worldwide trade. As an archipelago (UNCLOS 1982), the sovereignty of natural resource management in the Exclusive Economic Zone sea area reaches a limit of 200 nautical miles, bringing the total area of Indonesia's sea area to 5.8 million km².

Data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) said that the position of capture fisheries production in the world places Indonesia second place after China and followed by the United States in third place. Meanwhile, aquaculture production of 4.74 million tons placed Indonesia second in the world after China and followed by India and Vietnam in third and fourth positions. Indonesia's potentials include capture fisheries of US $ 15.1 billion per year, marine aquaculture US $ 46.7 billion per year, public waters of US $ 1.1 billion per year, potential of aquaculture ponds of US $ 10 billion per year, US freshwater aquaculture $ 5.2 billion per year, and marine biotechnology US $ 4 billion per year.

In reality, the communities around the sea coast work as fishermen. Fishermen are hereditary businesses where the management used by fishermen still use traditional customs, limited education and networks, lack of assistance and almost no planning at various stages. Under these conditions, the fishermen business is not prospective, because it always depends on the season, market conditions, working capital, fishing facilities that lead to high-cost economic businesses. If further elaborated, it actually boils down to the very limited potential of human resources, thus it becomes an obstacle to the continuous progress of the fishermen moreover to the current industry 4.0. The major marine and fisheries actors are the majority of small-scale businesses thus they lack access to development and the institutional model is aimed more at the active role of the community as the subject of development in the region.

Some 1 Million Sovereign Fishermen programs designed by the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia aim to increase the economic sovereignty of Indonesian fishermen through the support of technology 4.0. That way, this scheme will increase the utilization of marine resources and 7 percent to a minimum of 17 percent. As well as reducing the national poverty rate by 25 percent, and increasing Indonesia's maritime sovereignty by involving fishermen as the frontline guards of state sovereignty. This program must be fully supported by all parties so that it runs optimally and sustainably (KKP Data 2017).

The context is a hope for the number of Indonesian fishermenin total of 2.7 Million (KKP Data 2017), the number has been decreasing year by year because of low interest in becoming fishermen. The majority of fishermen with nearly 3 million are on the threshold of the poverty line and contribute 25 percent to the national poverty rate. Even though the fisheries sector is one of the sectors that contributes the highest income (KKP Data 2017).

The Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) through the Agency for Research and Human Resources for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (BRSDM) have continued to improve the capacity of the main actors and business actors of the marine and fisheries sector. One of them is to vigorously strengthen Human Resources including entrepreneurship-based vocational education; technical training for the community; competency certification of main actors; digitizing training and counseling; and downstreaming the results of innovation and research.

The innovation policy for strengthening human resources which has become a major program has not yet been realized well, especially for the fishing community in Indonesia. As fishermen in the coastal region of Kenjeran, Surabaya, East Java, the research location shows an interesting area of fishermen. Based on the Surabaya City Zoning Plan (RZWP) in 2012-2032, the east coast area (east coast of Surabaya) is generally a muddy beach and directly facing the Madura Strait, the mainland area is largely dominated by tourism activities, fishing settlements, fisheries and ecosystems of mangrove forests while the territorial waters are limited to capture fisheries and marine tourism activities, shooting zones and sea mines. (RZWP Surabaya City, 2012-2032)

The problems of fishermen in the coastal area of Kenjeran, Surabaya, East Java are: First, there is no fish port but a unique and colorful fishing village, which has the potential to attract tourists to come to the fishing village of Kenjeran. Secondly, the community is very constrained by marketing their catch fish. Usually the catch is only marketed in the fishermen themselves, and many of them sell their fish to traders. Third, the low level of human resources, namely the level of education among Kenjeran coastal residents, it is necessary to build synergy between the government, the business world, and the community in order to carry out equitable and quality educational services for Kenjeran coastal communities. (RZWP Surabaya City, 2012- 2032)

These factors are of concern to all parties so that coastal fishermen in Kenjeran. Fast moving, willing to learn and adjust together to face the challenges of the current industrial era. The problem is the internal factors, namely the fishermen themselves, and external factors where the prevailing market mechanism places fishermen as end users in their activities. It is necessary to increase marine human resources as a new innovation in answering the goals of a fishing community that is smarter, more advanced, prosperous and sustainable.

The concept of strengthening fishermen is the right solution for strengthening coastal fishermen's human resources. Grindle's (2007) opinion in capacity development has dimensions of focus and type of activity. Dimensions of focus and types of activities consist of (1) dimensions of human resource development with a focus: professional personnel and technical abilities and types of activities such as training, working climate conditions. (2) Dimensions of organizational strengthening with a focus on management procedures to improve the success of roles and functions, such as, organizational culture, leadership and communication, and (3) the role of government, such as the basis and rules, policies for fishermen.

Human resource characteristics of the main actors of fishermen can be seen from the condition of the community and resource management which includes: human resource innovation, application of technology developed by taking into account the specific conditions of the location, participatory and familial approaches, regional approaches and regional approaches. The above problems need to be assessed that strengthening fishing communities needs a new path to face the industry 4.0 era, namely by strengthening human resources. With the innovation of human resources, fishermen are expected to improve their work ethic, the spirit of togetherness, furthermore fishing communities are able to contribute to increasing sustainable economic growth for families, and regions.

This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach, which aims to understand a social situation, events, roles, interactions and groups. The research location was in the coastal fishermen of Kenjeran, Surabaya, East Java. There were 5 groups of Kenjeran coastal fishermen groups, namely groups 1-5. The informants in this study were the Chairperson and members of the 1-5 Fishermen Group, Head of RT, RW, Ward, ward officials, Related Departments and Community Leaders. Data collection techniques were done through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation in order to get primary data and secondary data. Data analysis techniques were done using qualitative analysis with the stages of data collection, reduction, classification, analysis and reporting.

Results and Discussion

The development of marine and fisheries human resources is very important, because managing marine and fisheries resources is essentially managing its human resources. Citing data from the 2014 World Economic Forum, Indonesia's competitiveness index in 2014-2015 was ranked 34th out of 144 countries in the world. One of the 12 pillars assessed is higher education and training, therefore, human resource capacity building is needed through education, training and counseling.

This is reinforced, that in the Maritime Axis Program Plan President Jokowi emphasized the role of competent human resources to be his target and priority targets. Therefore, the preparation of competent human resources is very important and needed to succeed the marine and fisheries development. The importance of human resources lately has increasingly received attention from various parties, both from the public sector and the private sector. Various seminars, training, and courses, workshops, and the like, all emphasize human resources moreover in the era of industry 4.0. All parties have realized how important human resources are for institutions and organizations such as the fishing community institutions. In the development of institutional human resources of the fishing community is very important, because managing the institutional resources of the fishing community is essentially the future of Indonesia. Therefore, the preparation of competent human resources is very important and needed to succeed in the success of the development of fishermen (marine and fisheries).

The stigma of fishermen and coastal communities as the lower class or included in the poor category is still inherent. There is a habit that is still happening and carried out by the fishing community is to spend the profits of the catch quickly. The mindset they use is still fixed on the traditional mindset, assuming there are still many fish that can be caught at sea. Although in fact the supply of fish in the sea is very limited.

Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen Community in East Java consists of 5 groups with a total membership of approximately 1,000 (one thousand) members. The number will continue to decrease and increase in line with the conditions and expectations of Surabaya Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen in East Java. The existence in strengthening the fishermen's human resources has been running through the Kenjeran fishermen organization since 2011. Various programs and assistance have been carried out by the government and private parties, studies and research, seminars and FGDs, thus concrete progress can already be felt by Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen in Surabaya, East Java.

Coastal Fishermen of Kenjeran Surabaya East Java today is not only fishermen but also a new tourist attraction for the community; even the handicrafts are quite developed. However, in the strengthening of community institutions through capacity bulding aspect, it is still not optimal to be a program and facilities to progress both internal fishermen individuals and fishermen institutions. The results showed that each fisherman tended to be individualistic in addressing the fishermen's problems. The existence of communities, organizations and community institutions received less attention. Therefore the level of mastery, education, experience, and atmosphere of fishermen is different and the groups are different from one another.

The target of improving the quality of institutional resources of the Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen community by moving the organization and membership of fishermen does not appear to be the main measure, but rather on a seasonal basis without continuing. The instruments used in the development and training process are also not very supportive. Therefore, it is not surprising that the frequency and number of fishermen attending the training did not significantly influence the increase in work ethic and outlook in fishing activities.

Modernization in developing human resources of Coastal Kenjeran Fishermen must be done so that the utilization of Coastal Kenjeran resources by fishermen can be optimized. It is very necessary, for efforts to strengthen, and move the institutional community of Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen to be more active, optimal, sustainable and have superior power both individually and organization in advancing Coastal Kenjeran Fishermen, ready to face the challenges of the industrial era, so as to improve the welfare of fishing communities and bequeath the wealth of fishermen to their children and grandchildren in the future.

One form of solution to strengthen the organizational resources of the Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen community is through strengthening community institutions that are based on the development of a centralized area to encourage growth, and strengthening fishing communities. Efforts to improve the institutional organization of fishermen communities need to be organizational culture, leadership and communication models that are carried out in managing the Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen community organizations.

The aspect of strengthening fishing community organizations is the dimension of organizational structure with regard to who has to implement or do what has been decided. The aspect that must be regulated is the division of work units including duties, functions and responsibilities within the organization. Therefore the quality of fishermen and institutional fishing communities will be better, stronger and can meet the general objectives of the Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen community.

Kenjeran coastal area is a potential area, because this area is the center of population activity. Kenjeran Beach is one of the potential areas to be developed as a trade and service area, tourism and commercial area. In advancing Coastal Kenjeran Fishermen, Surabaya City Government has implemented an interesting development program and facilities, but there are also problems that occur around Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen. The development process and the role of Surabaya City Government should be balanced and sustainable in an optimal and good way. In the process not only oriented on the project, but more important is the role of strengthening the human and institutional resources of the Kenjeran Coastal Fishermen community.

In answering the problem of the progress of Konjeran fishermen, fishermen's human resource innovation must be carried out. The role of the central and regional government of Surabaya city is important to conduct innovations in fisherman human resources, namely: vocational education based on fishermen entrepreneurship; technical training for the community, competency certification of key players, digitizing training and counseling, and downstreaming of the results of innovation and research so that the world's maritime axis will be realized.

Conclusion

The new era in facing industry 4.0 is how strengthening fishermen who are able to take advantage of this era can support the progress and welfare of fishermen. However, what happened at Kenjeran Fishermen Coast, Surabaya, East Java, has not been maximal in strengthening human resources and weak in making new innovations.

The results showed that the strengthening of fishermen's human resources in Kenjeran Pesisir, Surabaya, East Java, was not optimal as an institutional program for fishermen. The existence of fishermen groups, communities, organizations and social institutions received less attention. Thus the level of mastery, education, experience, and atmosphere of fishermen varies from one another so that it has an impact on the quality of coastal fishermen in East Java, Surabaya.

In advancing fishermen, Kenjeran Coast, Surabaya City, East Java needs to carry out appropriate policies and meet current demands, namely strengthening fishermen vocational education, technical training for the community, certification of fishermen competence, digitization training, and assistance with appropriate funding.

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