Author(s): Vinu Simon, Sandra Mariam Binu, Irfan Ahmed, Sanjay S. Ganeshkumar C, Vivekshankar Natarajan
This paper examines the disparity between knowledge of advanced technologies and their adoption among small rubber growers. Despite familiarity with Industry 4.0 innovations such as robotic tapping systems and sensor networks, growers resist implementation due to high costs, mismatches with local weather patterns, rugged terrain, and a lack of practical skills. Our survey of rubber microplantations in Kerala, India, finds that this phenomenon persists regardless of grower age or plantation scale, suggesting structural flaws in the management of perennial crops. By addressing gaps in prior scholarship, we identify a “familiarity trap” among plantation owners that impedes the adoption of resilient small-scale farming strategies. Further, we critique policy shortcomings that worsen the performance of India’s rubber industry and offer recommendations for state-backed financial aid and skill-building programs.